List the enabled repos: either with dnf repolist or dnf repolist --enabled. I can add the verbose option -v.

user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
OS software                                                   2.7 MB/s | 2.7 kB     00:00    
Application software                                          2.7 MB/s | 2.8 kB     00:00    
Repo-id            : AppStream
Repo-name          : Application software
Repo-revision      : 1761027148
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 4,514
Repo-available-pkgs: 4,514
Repo-size          : 6.5 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/AppStream
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 04 Jul 2026 10:29:26 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

Repo-id            : baseOS
Repo-name          : OS software
Repo-revision      : 1761027164
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 946
Repo-available-pkgs: 946
Repo-size          : 1.3 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/BaseOS
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 04 Jul 2026 10:29:26 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
Total packages: 5,460
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --enabled -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:39 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Repo-id            : AppStream
Repo-name          : Application software
Repo-revision      : 1761027148
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 4,514
Repo-available-pkgs: 4,514
Repo-size          : 6.5 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/AppStream
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

Repo-id            : baseOS
Repo-name          : OS software
Repo-revision      : 1761027164
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 946
Repo-available-pkgs: 946
Repo-size          : 1.3 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/BaseOS
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
Total packages: 5,460
user1@localhost:~$ 

#LessonLearned There is no difference in output between dnf repolist -v and dnf repolist --enabled -v.

user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --enabled
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                   repo name
AppStream                                 Application software
baseOS                                    OS software
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --disabled
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --disabled -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:45 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Total packages: 0
user1@localhost:~$ 

Query all enabled repos and display all the packages they contain:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf repoquery
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:41:00 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
389-ds-base-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-libs-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-snmp-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
CUnit-0:2.1.3-34.el10.x86_64
HdrHistogram_c-0:0.11.8-7.el10.x86_64
Judy-0:1.0.5-38.el10.x86_64
ModemManager-0:1.22.0-7.el10.x86_64
ModemManager-glib-0:1.22.0-7.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-cloud-setup-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-config-connectivity-redhat-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-gnome-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ovs-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ppp-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-tui-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-wifi-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-wwan-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-lanserv-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-libs-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
<output omitted>

List the enabled dnf repos:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --enabled
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                   repo name
AppStream                                 Application software
baseOS                                    OS software
user1@localhost:~$ 

Choose for example the ‘AppStream’ repo and query it to display the packages it contains:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf repoquery --repo AppStream
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:44:56 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
389-ds-base-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-libs-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-snmp-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
CUnit-0:2.1.3-34.el10.x86_64
HdrHistogram_c-0:0.11.8-7.el10.x86_64
Judy-0:1.0.5-38.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-cloud-setup-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-config-connectivity-redhat-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-libreswan-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-gnome-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ovs-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ppp-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
<output omitted>

Demonstrate that the name of the repo is case sensitive:


user1@localhost:~$ dnf repoquery --repo appStream
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: Unknown repo: 'appStream'
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repoquery --repo AppStream | more
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:46:29 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
389-ds-base-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-libs-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
389-ds-base-snmp-0:3.1.3-5.el10_1.x86_64
CUnit-0:2.1.3-34.el10.x86_64
HdrHistogram_c-0:0.11.8-7.el10.x86_64
Judy-0:1.0.5-38.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-cloud-setup-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-config-connectivity-redhat-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-libreswan-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-gnome-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ovs-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ppp-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-lanserv-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
OpenIPMI-libs-0:2.0.36-3.el10.x86_64
<output omitted>

List all packages, installed and installable, from the enabled repos:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:56:08 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
ModemManager.x86_64                                  1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
ModemManager-glib.x86_64                             1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
NetworkManager.x86_64                                1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64                      1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-config-server.noarch                  1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 

<output truncated>

webrtc-audio-processing.x86_64                       1.3-5.el10                     @AppStream
wget.x86_64                                          1.24.5-5.el10                  @AppStream
which.x86_64                                         2.21-44.el10                   @anaconda 
zlib-ng-compat.x86_64                                2.2.3-2.el10                   @anaconda 
Available Packages
389-ds-base.x86_64                                   3.1.3-5.el10_1                 AppStream 
389-ds-base-libs.x86_64                              3.1.3-5.el10_1                 AppStream 
389-ds-base-snmp.x86_64                              3.1.3-5.el10_1                 AppStream 
CUnit.x86_64                                         2.1.3-34.el10                  AppStream 
HdrHistogram_c.x86_64                                0.11.8-7.el10                  AppStream 
Judy.x86_64                                          1.0.5-38.el10                  AppStream 
NetworkManager-cloud-setup.x86_64                    1:1.54.0-1.el10                AppStream 
NetworkManager-config-connectivity-redhat.noarch     1:1.54.0-1.el10                AppStream 
NetworkManager-libreswan.x86_64                      1.2.24-2.el10                  AppStream 
NetworkManager-libreswan-gnome.x86_64                1.2.24-2.el10                  AppStream 
NetworkManager-ovs.x86_64                            1:1.54.0-1.el10                AppStream 
NetworkManager-ppp.x86_64                            1:1.54.0-1.el10                AppStream 
OpenIPMI.x86_64                                      2.0.36-3.el10                  AppStream 

<output truncated>

a52dec.x86_64                                        0.7.4-50.el10                  AppStream 
accel-config.x86_64                                  4.1.8-3.el10                   baseOS    
accel-config-libs.x86_64                             4.1.8-3.el10                   baseOS    
acpid.x86_64                                         2.0.34-10.el10                 AppStream 
afterburn.x86_64                                     5.9.0-1.el10                   AppStream 

<output truncated>

List all installed packages:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list installed | more
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Installed Packages
ModemManager.x86_64                                  1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
   
ModemManager-glib.x86_64                             1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager.x86_64                                1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64                      1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-config-server.noarch                  1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64                          1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-tui.x86_64                            1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-wifi.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
NetworkManager-wwan.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
   
PackageKit.x86_64                                    1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
   
PackageKit-command-not-found.x86_64                  1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
   
PackageKit-glib.x86_64                               1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
   
PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin.x86_64                   1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
   
PackageKit-gtk3-module.x86_64                        1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
   

Another command to display the list of installed packages:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list --installed
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Installed Packages
ModemManager.x86_64                                  1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
ModemManager-glib.x86_64                             1.22.0-7.el10                  @anaconda 
NetworkManager.x86_64                                1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64                      1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-config-server.noarch                  1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64                          1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-tui.x86_64                            1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-wifi.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
NetworkManager-wwan.x86_64                           1:1.54.0-1.el10                @anaconda 
PackageKit.x86_64                                    1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
PackageKit-command-not-found.x86_64                  1.2.8-8.el10                   @AppStream
<output omitted>

List all installed packages for which there are available updates; This command might start by listing the enabled repos then lists all available upgrades:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list updates
Rocky Linux 10 - BaseOS                                        17 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - AppStream                                     16 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - CRB                                           14 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - Extras                                       9.9 kB/s | 3.1 kB     00:00    
Available Upgrades
brave-browser.x86_64                  1.92.139-1                             brave-browser    
containerd.io.x86_64                  2.2.6-1.el10                           docker-ce-stable 
freerdp-libs.x86_64                   2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.6                   appstream        
google-chrome-stable.x86_64           150.0.7871.114-1                       google-chrome    
ipp-usb.x86_64                        0.9.27-7.el10_2.2                      appstream        
libwinpr.x86_64                       2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.6                   appstream        
nodejs.x86_64                         2:22.23.1-1nodesource                  nodesource-nodejs
nodejs-full-i18n.x86_64               1:22.23.1-2.el10_2                     appstream        
nodejs-libs.x86_64                    1:22.23.1-2.el10_2                     appstream        
nodejs-npm.x86_64                     1:10.9.8-1.22.23.1.2.el10_2            appstream        
unbound-anchor.x86_64                 1.24.2-7.el10_2.2                      appstream        
unbound-libs.x86_64                   1.24.2-7.el10_2.2                      appstream        
Wassim@linux:~$ 

For example, I check the ‘brave’ package that is installed, verify its version then check the version of the update:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list --installed brave-browser
Installed Packages
brave-browser.x86_64                         1.92.134-1                         @brave-browser
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list updates brave-browser
Last metadata expiration check: 0:14:42 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:31:05 PM CEST.
Available Upgrades
brave-browser.x86_64                         1.92.141-1                          brave-browser
Wassim@linux:~$ 

A simpler method is to use dnf list with the package name directly:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list brave-browser
Last metadata expiration check: 0:49:30 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:31:05 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
brave-browser.x86_64                         1.92.134-1                         @brave-browser
Available Packages
brave-browser.x86_64                         1.92.141-1                         brave-browser 
Wassim@linux:~$ 

Then, with dnf install in the sudo mode, I trigger the system to either install or update the package, depending on whether it is already installed. In the example of the ‘brave-browser’ package, it is already installed. So, dnf install performs an update:

Wassim@linux:~$ sudo dnf install brave-browser
[sudo] password for Wassim: 
Last metadata expiration check: 1:47:13 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 05:34:27 PM CEST.
Package brave-browser-1.92.134-1.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================
 Package                 Architecture     Version               Repository               Size
==============================================================================================
Upgrading:
 brave-browser           x86_64           1.92.141-1            brave-browser           133 M

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 133 M
Is this ok [y/N]: 

Finding out whether a package is installed or installable: The name of the package is case sensitive and the package name must be entered in its fullness. As an example, I verified packages with the base name of ‘NetworkManager’. The ‘NetworkManager’ package is installed. The ‘NetworkManager-cloud-setup.x86_64’ package is not:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list NetworkManager
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:03:58 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
NetworkManager.x86_64   
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list NetworkManager-cloud-setup.x86_64
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:04:43 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Available Packages
NetworkManager-cloud-setup.x86_64                  1:1.54.0-1.el10                   AppStream
user1@localhost:~$

The dnf list command gives a visual hint as to whether a package is installed or installable. But the dnf repoquery command does not. Here is the output using the same previous package names:

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repoquery | grep NetworkManager
Last metadata expiration check: 1:09:29 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
NetworkManager-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-cloud-setup-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-config-connectivity-redhat-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.54.0-1.el10.noarch
NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-libreswan-gnome-0:1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ovs-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-ppp-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-tui-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-wifi-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
NetworkManager-wwan-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64
user1@localhost:~$ 

Searching for an installed package using a search pattern. This one is case insensitive:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list --installed Fire*
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Installed Packages
firefox.x86_64                                 140.3.0-1.el10_0                     @AppStream
firewalld.noarch                               2.3.1-1.el10_0                       @anaconda 
firewalld-filesystem.noarch                    2.3.1-1.el10_0                       @anaconda 
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list --installed fiRe*
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Installed Packages
firefox.x86_64                                 140.3.0-1.el10_0                     @AppStream
firewalld.noarch                               2.3.1-1.el10_0                       @anaconda 
firewalld-filesystem.noarch                    2.3.1-1.el10_0                       @anaconda 
user1@localhost:~$ 

Verify whether a package is installed using its name or part of it. The package name in the command dnf list is case insensitive:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 2:05:23 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Available Packages
yara.x86_64                               4.5.2-2.el10                               AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list firefox
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:47:10 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
firefox.x86_64                           140.3.0-1.el10_0                           @AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list fIrEfOx
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:47:22 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
firefox.x86_64                           140.3.0-1.el10_0                           @AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ 

The example package yara was listed as available.

Another way to find out whether a package is installed is using dnf info command:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf info fireFoX
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 14:40:07 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
Name         : firefox
Version      : 140.3.0
Release      : 1.el10_0
Architecture : x86_64
Size         : 312 M
Source       : firefox-140.3.0-1.el10_0.src.rpm
Repository   : @System
From repo    : AppStream
Summary      : Mozilla Firefox Web browser
URL          : https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/
License      : MPLv1.1 or GPLv2+ or LGPLv2+
Description  : Mozilla Firefox is an open-source web browser, designed for standards
             : compliance, performance and portability.

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf info firefox
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 14:40:14 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
Name         : firefox
Version      : 140.3.0
Release      : 1.el10_0
Architecture : x86_64
Size         : 312 M
Source       : firefox-140.3.0-1.el10_0.src.rpm
Repository   : @System
From repo    : AppStream
Summary      : Mozilla Firefox Web browser
URL          : https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/
License      : MPLv1.1 or GPLv2+ or LGPLv2+
Description  : Mozilla Firefox is an open-source web browser, designed for standards
             : compliance, performance and portability.

user1@localhost:~$ 

Up until now, all dnf commands were not requiring superuser privileges. The dnf install does:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf install yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: This command has to be run with superuser privileges (under the root user on most systems).
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf install yara
[sudo] password for user1: 
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 2:09:34 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:48:03 PM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================
 Package           Architecture        Version                   Repository              Size
==============================================================================================
Installing:
 yara              x86_64              4.5.2-2.el10              AppStream              242 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 242 k
Installed size: 585 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                      1/1 
  Installing       : yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                             1/1 
  Running scriptlet: yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                             1/1 
Installed products updated.

Installed:
  yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                    

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 

The example package ‘yara’ is now displayed as installed:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 2:19:18 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
yara.x86_64                              4.5.2-2.el10                               @AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ 

The command dnf update behaves differently, depending on whether the package is installed or installable. When the package is installed, dnf tries to update it:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf update yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: This command has to be run with superuser privileges (under the root user on most systems).
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf update yara
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 2:15:24 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:48:03 PM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 

When the package is installable, dnf exits with an error:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list xterm
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 2:23:08 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:38:51 PM CEST.
Available Packages
xterm.x86_64                               389-4.el10                                AppStream
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf update xterm
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 2:14:09 ago on Sat 11 Jul 2026 05:48:03 PM CEST.
Package xterm available, but not installed.
No match for argument: xterm
Error: No packages marked for upgrade.
user1@localhost:~$ 

Uninstalling and installing a package with dnf:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf -v search firefox
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, system-upgrade
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-Wassim-dr2rjlb1
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:05 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 07:56:46 AM CEST.
==================================================================== Name & Summary Matched: firefox ====================================================================
firefox.x86_64 : Mozilla Firefox Web browser
Repo        : appstream
Matched from:
Provide    : firefox = 140.12.0-1.el10_2

Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf repolist -v appstream
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, system-upgrade
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-Wassim-dr2rjlb1
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:22 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 07:56:46 AM CEST.
Repo-id            : appstream
Repo-name          : Rocky Linux 10 - AppStream
Repo-status        : enabled
Repo-revision      : 1784785484
Repo-updated       : Thu 23 Jul 2026 07:52:10 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 5,581
Repo-available-pkgs: 5,581
Repo-size          : 12 G
Repo-mirrors       : https://mirrors.rockylinux.org/mirrorlist?arch=x86_64&repo=AppStream-10
Repo-baseurl       : https://mirror.plusline.net/rockylinux/10.2/AppStream/x86_64/os/ (56 more)
Repo-expire        : 21,600 second(s) (last: Fri 24 Jul 2026 07:56:40 AM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky.repo
Total packages: 5,581
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf install firefox.x86_64
Error: This command has to be run with superuser privileges (under the root user on most systems).
Wassim@linux:~$ sudo dnf install firefox.x86_64
[sudo] password for Wassim: 
Rocky Linux 10 - BaseOS                                                                                                                   14 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - BaseOS                                                                                                                  113 kB/s |  11 MB     01:43    
Rocky Linux 10 - AppStream                                                                                                                14 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - AppStream                                                                                                               3.9 MB/s | 2.4 MB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - CRB                                                                                                                      22 kB/s | 4.2 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - CRB                                                                                                                     1.3 MB/s | 515 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - Extras                                                                                                                   15 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - Extras                                                                                                                   21 kB/s | 5.8 kB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
=========================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                              Architecture                        Version                                           Repository                              Size
=========================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 firefox                              x86_64                              140.12.0-1.el10_2                                 appstream                              113 M

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 113 M
Installed size: 314 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
firefox-140.12.0-1.el10_2.x86_64.rpm                              64% [=================
Total                                                                                                                                     91 kB/s | 113 MB     21:04     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                 1/1 
  Installing       : firefox-140.12.0-1.el10_2.x86_64                                                                                                                1/1 
  Running scriptlet: firefox-140.12.0-1.el10_2.x86_64                                                                                                                1/1 

Installed:
  firefox-140.12.0-1.el10_2.x86_64                                                                                                                                       

Complete!
Wassim@linux:~$ 

The firefox package appears also when running rpm -qa:

Wassim@linux:~$ rpm -qa firefox
firefox-140.12.0-1.el10_2.x86_64
Wassim@linux:~$ 

#LessonLearned: When a package is not included in the enabled repos and the package should be deployed with rpm, then the physical rpm file is required.

To install an individual package from a known local enabled repo: identify the enabled repos, locate it in the filesystem, find the target package, launch a local install:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf list whois
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:07:30 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Available Packages
whois.x86_64                              5.5.20-6.el10                              AppStream
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ dnf repolist --enabled -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
Last metadata expiration check: 1:07:37 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Repo-id            : AppStream
Repo-name          : Application software
Repo-revision      : 1761027148
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 4,514
Repo-available-pkgs: 4,514
Repo-size          : 6.5 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/AppStream
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

Repo-id            : baseOS
Repo-name          : OS software
Repo-revision      : 1761027164
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 946
Repo-available-pkgs: 946
Repo-size          : 1.3 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/BaseOS
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
Total packages: 5,460
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ find /mnt/AppStream -iname "*whois*"
/mnt/AppStream/Packages/whois-5.5.20-6.el10.x86_64.rpm
/mnt/AppStream/Packages/whois-nls-5.5.20-6.el10.noarch.rpm
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf localinstall /mnt/AppStream/Packages/whois-5.5.20-6.el10.x86_64.rpm
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: This command has to be run with superuser privileges (under the root user on most systems).
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf localinstall /mnt/AppStream/Packages/whois-5.5.20-6.el10.x86_64.rpm
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:55 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 07:12:27 PM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================
 Package             Architecture     Version                    Repository              Size
==============================================================================================
Installing:
 whois               x86_64           5.5.20-6.el10              @commandline            71 k
Installing dependencies:
 whois-nls           noarch           5.5.20-6.el10              AppStream               42 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Install  2 Packages

Total size: 114 k
Installed size: 307 k
Is this ok [y/N]: N
Operation aborted.
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ 

I display information about a package. The ‘whois’ package for example is not installed. The ‘yara’ package is installed:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf info whois
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 14:31:36 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Available Packages
Name         : whois
Version      : 5.5.20
Release      : 6.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size         : 71 k
Source       : whois-5.5.20-6.el10.src.rpm
Repository   : AppStream
Summary      : Improved WHOIS client
URL          : https://www.linux.it/~md/software/
License      : GPL-2.0-or-later
Description  : Searches for an object in a RFC 3912 database.
             : 
             : This version of the WHOIS client tries to guess the right server to ask for
             : the specified object. If no guess can be made it will connect to
             : whois.networksolutions.com for NIC handles or whois.arin.net for IPv4
             : addresses and network names.

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf info yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 14:32:24 ago on Sat 18 Jul 2026 06:05:47 PM CEST.
Installed Packages
Name         : yara
Version      : 4.5.2
Release      : 2.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size         : 585 k
Source       : yara-4.5.2-2.el10.src.rpm
Repository   : @System
From repo    : AppStream
Summary      : Pattern matching Swiss knife for malware researchers
URL          : http://VirusTotal.github.io/yara/
License      : BSD-3-Clause
Description  : YARA is a tool aimed at (but not limited to) helping malware researchers to
             : identify and classify malware samples. With YARA you can create descriptions
             : of malware families (or whatever you want to describe) based on textual or
             : binary patterns. Each description, a.k.a rule, consists of a set of strings
             : and a Boolean expression which determine its logic.

user1@localhost:~$ 

Remove an installed package, the non-interactive way using the -y option:

user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf remove -y yara
[sudo] password for user1: 
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                  Architecture                               Version                                             Repository                                      Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 yara                                     x86_64                                     4.5.2-2.el10                                        @AppStream                                     585 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  1 Package

Freed space: 585 k
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Erasing          : yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                             1/1 
  Running scriptlet: yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                             1/1 
Installed products updated.

Removed:
  yara-4.5.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                    

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list --installed yara
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: No matching Packages to list

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf list --installed | grep yara
user1@localhost:~$ 

To find out which packages and repos provide a specific file or command, use the dnf provides command. For example, the ‘setup’ package, which is installed from the repo ‘System’ and the ‘setup ’ package, which is installable from the ‘baseOS’ repo, provide both the ‘/etc/group’ file:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf provides /etc/group
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
OS software                                                                                                                                                    64 MB/s | 2.1 MB     00:00    
Application software                                                                                                                                          115 MB/s | 5.4 MB     00:00    
setup-2.14.5-7.el10.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/group

setup-2.14.5-7.el10.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/group

user1@localhost:~$ 

I get the same result with the dnf whatprovides command:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf whatprovides /etc/group
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:36 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
setup-2.14.5-7.el10.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/group

setup-2.14.5-7.el10.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Filename    : /etc/group

user1@localhost:~$ 

I search for the package that provides a file using name expansion:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf provides Net*nager*
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:27 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
NetworkManager-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : Network connection manager and user applications
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-dispatcher(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

NetworkManager-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : Network connection manager and user applications
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-dispatcher(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : ADSL device plugin for NetworkManager
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager-adsl = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-adsl(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : ADSL device plugin for NetworkManager
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager-adsl = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-adsl(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : Bluetooth device plugin for NetworkManager
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager-bluetooth = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-bluetooth(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.54.0-1.el10.x86_64 : Bluetooth device plugin for NetworkManager
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Provide    : NetworkManager-bluetooth = 1:1.54.0-1.el10
Provide    : NetworkManager-bluetooth(x86-64) = 1:1.54.0-1.el10

<output omitted>
user1@localhost:~$ dnf provides ls
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:21 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
coreutils-9.5-6.el10.x86_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

coreutils-9.5-6.el10.x86_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

coreutils-single-9.5-6.el10.x86_64 : coreutils multicall binary
Repo        : baseOS
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/bin/ls

user1@localhost:~$ 

List the package environment groups and package standard groups with regular visibility. The package standard groups are referred to with simply ‘Groups’:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:13:30 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Environment Groups:
   Server
   Minimal Install
   Workstation
   Custom Operating System
   Virtualization Host
Installed Environment Groups:
   Server with GUI
Installed Groups:
   Container Management
   Headless Management
Available Groups:
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Smart Card Support
   Console Internet Tools
   Development Tools
   .NET Development
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Network Servers
   RPM Development Tools
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$ 

Limit the output to package environment groups and package standard groups that are installed or available (i.e. installable):

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --installed
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:39:11 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Environment Groups:
   Server with GUI
Installed Groups:
   Container Management
   Headless Management
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --available
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:39:16 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Environment Groups:
   Server
   Minimal Install
   Workstation
   Custom Operating System
   Virtualization Host
Available Groups:
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Smart Card Support
   Console Internet Tools
   Development Tools
   .NET Development
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Network Servers
   RPM Development Tools
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$ 

Look for a particular package group using the package group name. The search pattern is case insensitive:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --available 'system tools'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:31:59 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Groups:
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --available sysTe*ooLs
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:33:59 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Groups:
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$ 

Summarize the number of package standard groups:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group summary
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:16:10 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Groups: 2
Available Groups: 11
user1@localhost:~$ 

List package environment groups and package standard groups with extended visibility, using the hidden option:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list hidden
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 0:37:20 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Environment Groups:
   Server
   Minimal Install
   Workstation
   Custom Operating System
   Virtualization Host
Installed Environment Groups:
   Server with GUI
Installed Groups:
   Hardware Support
   Server product core
   Container Management
   Core
   Fonts
   GNOME
   GNOME Server Defaults
   Guest Desktop Agents
   Hardware Monitoring Utilities
   Headless Management
   Internet Browser
   Multimedia
   Common NetworkManager submodules
   KVM platform specific packages
   Printing Client
   Standard
Available Groups:
   Conflicts BaseOS
   Dial-up Networking Support
   Large Systems Performance
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Mainframe Access
   Python Web
   Smart Card Support
   Additional Development
   Anaconda tools
   Backup Client
   Base
   Conflicts AppStream
   Console Internet Tools
   Debugging Tools
   Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
   Development Tools
   DNS Name Server
   .NET Development
   Emacs
   File and Storage Server
   FTP Server
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Graphics Creation Tools
   Guest Agents
   Infiniband Support
   Input Methods
   Internet Applications
   Java Development
   Java Platform
   Mail Server
   Network File System Client
   Network Servers
   Networking Tools
   Image based rpm-ostree support
   Performance Tools
   Platform Development
   Hyper-v platform specific packages
   VMware platform specific packages
   Remote Desktop Clients
   Remote Management for Linux
   RPM Development Tools
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   Windows File Server
   System Tools
   TeX formatting system
   Virtualization Client
   Virtualization Hypervisor
   Virtualization Platform
   Virtualization Tools
   Basic Web Server
   Workstation product core
user1@localhost:~$ 

Find out the packages included in a package group, whether it is an environment group or a standard group:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group info 'Legacy UNIX Compatibility'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:03:13 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Group: Legacy UNIX Compatibility
 Description: Compatibility programs for migration from or working with legacy UNIX environments.
 Optional Packages:
   mksh
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group info 'Legacy UNIX Compatibility' -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.1; generic; Linux.x86_64)'
repo: using cache for: baseOS
baseOS: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST.
repo: using cache for: AppStream
AppStream: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:04:10 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Group: Legacy UNIX Compatibility
 Group-Id: legacy-unix
 Description: Compatibility programs for migration from or working with legacy UNIX environments.
 Optional Packages:
   mksh-59c-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                              baseOS
user1@localhost:~$ 

To update the packages of an installed package group: dnf groupupdate.

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --installed
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:14:29 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Environment Groups:
   Server with GUI
Installed Groups:
   Container Management
   Headless Management
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group info -v 'Container Management'
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.1; generic; Linux.x86_64)'
repo: using cache for: baseOS
baseOS: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST.
repo: using cache for: AppStream
AppStream: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:15:16 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Group: Container Management
 Group-Id: container-management
 Description: Tools for managing Linux containers
 Mandatory Packages:
   buildah-2:1.41.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    @System  
   podman-7:5.6.0-4.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    @System  
 Optional Packages:
   python3-psutil-5.9.8-6.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                AppStream
   toolbox-0.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                         AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupupdate 'Container Management'
[sudo] password for user1: 
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:36:28 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                       Architecture                                 Version                                       Repository                                     Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing Groups:
 Container Management                                                                                                                                                                        

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group info -v 'Container Management'
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, kpatch, needs-restarting, notify-packagekit, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
DNF version: 4.20.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-user1-w76vxc5s
User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.1; generic; Linux.x86_64)'
repo: using cache for: baseOS
baseOS: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST.
repo: using cache for: AppStream
AppStream: using metadata from Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:17:07 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Group: Container Management
 Group-Id: container-management
 Description: Tools for managing Linux containers
 Mandatory Packages:
   buildah-2:1.41.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    @System  
   podman-7:5.6.0-4.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    @System  
 Optional Packages:
   python3-psutil-5.9.8-6.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                AppStream
   toolbox-0.2-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                                         AppStream
user1@localhost:~$ 

To install a package group: dnf groupupdate or dnf groupinstall in sudo mode. The lab demonstrated that dnf groupupdate installs a package group if it is marked as available (i.e. installable):

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --available
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:21:25 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Environment Groups:
   Server
   Minimal Install
   Workstation
   Custom Operating System
   Virtualization Host
Available Groups:
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Smart Card Support
   Console Internet Tools
   Development Tools
   .NET Development
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Network Servers
   RPM Development Tools
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupupdate -y 'Scientific Support'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:41:30 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                       Architecture                                 Version                                       Repository                                     Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing Groups:
 Scientific Support                                                                                                                                                                          

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --installed 'Scientific Support'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:22:04 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Groups:
   Scientific Support
user1@localhost:~$ 

dnf group update for package groups behaves like dnf update for packages. But the behavior of dnf groupupdate is different from the behavior of dnf group update; dnf group update does not install a package group that is marked as available, while dnf groupupdate does.

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --available 'system tools'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:36:50 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Groups:
   System Tools
user1@localhost:~$
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf group update 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:57:06 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Module or Group 'system tools' is not installed.
Error: No group marked for upgrade.
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupupdate 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 1:00:07 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                     Repository                            Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                               AppStream                            171 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                  baseOS                               122 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                  AppStream                            1.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                               AppStream                            5.6 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                                baseOS                               184 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                           AppStream                            774 k
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                                baseOS                                29 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                             baseOS                               521 k
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                 baseOS                               3.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                               AppStream                            177 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                            AppStream                            453 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                            547 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                             34 k
Installing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  13 Packages

Total size: 13 M
Installed size: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: N
Operation aborted.
user1@localhost:~$ 

dns groupinstall and dnf group install behave identically:

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf group install 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 1:00:54 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                     Repository                            Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                               AppStream                            171 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                  baseOS                               122 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                  AppStream                            1.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                               AppStream                            5.6 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                                baseOS                               184 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                           AppStream                            774 k
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                                baseOS                                29 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                             baseOS                               521 k
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                 baseOS                               3.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                               AppStream                            177 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                            AppStream                            453 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                            547 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                             34 k
Installing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  13 Packages

Total size: 13 M
Installed size: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: N
Operation aborted.
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupinstall 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 1:01:01 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                     Repository                            Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                               AppStream                            171 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                  baseOS                               122 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                  AppStream                            1.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                               AppStream                            5.6 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                                baseOS                               184 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                           AppStream                            774 k
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                                baseOS                                29 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                             baseOS                               521 k
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                 baseOS                               3.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                               AppStream                            177 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                            AppStream                            453 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                            547 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                             34 k
Installing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  13 Packages

Total size: 13 M
Installed size: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: 

To remove a package group: dnf groupremove in sudo mode:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list --installed 'Scientific Support'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:22:04 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Groups:
   Scientific Support
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupremove 'Scientific Support'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                       Architecture                                 Version                                       Repository                                     Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing Groups:
 Scientific Support                                                                                                                                                                          

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list 'Scientific Support'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:25:37 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Groups:
   Scientific Support
user1@localhost:~$ 

dnf group install and dnf groupinstall behave identically. dnf group remove and dnf groupremove also behave identically:

user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf group install 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 1:02:19 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                     Repository                            Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                               AppStream                            171 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                  baseOS                               122 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                  AppStream                            1.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                               AppStream                            5.6 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                                baseOS                               184 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                           AppStream                            774 k
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                                baseOS                                29 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                             baseOS                               521 k
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                 baseOS                               3.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                               AppStream                            177 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                            AppStream                            453 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                            547 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                             34 k
Installing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  13 Packages

Total size: 13 M
Installed size: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  1/13 
  Installing       : unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  1/13 
  Installing       : unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                2/13 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                2/13 
Created symlink '/etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/unbound-anchor.timer' → '/usr/lib/systemd/system/unbound-anchor.timer'.

  Installing       : nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                                                                                                                                   3/13 
  Installing       : ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           4/13 
  Installing       : libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         5/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         5/13 
  Installing       : NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                       6/13 
  Installing       : samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                               7/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                               7/13 
  Installing       : nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           8/13 
  Installing       : zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              9/13 
  Running scriptlet: zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              9/13 
  Installing       : tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                        10/13 
  Running scriptlet: tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                        10/13 
  Installing       : setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                      11/13 
  Installing       : openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                               12/13 
  Installing       : cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
Installed products updated.

Installed:
  NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64       cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                      ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                  libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                
  nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                           nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                 openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64       samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64      
  setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                       tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64       unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64       unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64         
  zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                             

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupremove 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                    Repository                             Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                              @AppStream                            530 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                 @baseOS                               267 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                 @AppStream                            5.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                              @AppStream                             24 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                               @baseOS                               679 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                          @AppStream                            2.7 M
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                               @baseOS                                35 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                            @baseOS                               1.2 M
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                @baseOS                               7.9 M
Removing unused dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                              @AppStream                            441 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                           @AppStream                            1.3 M
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                             57 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                            1.4 M
Removing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  13 Packages

Freed space: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
Removed '/etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/unbound-anchor.timer'.

  Erasing          : unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Erasing          : NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           4/13 
  Erasing          : unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  5/13 
  Erasing          : nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                                                                                                                                   6/13 
  Erasing          : zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Running scriptlet: zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Erasing          : tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Running scriptlet: tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Erasing          : setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       9/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                               11/13 
  Erasing          : nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                          12/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Erasing          : cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
Installed products updated.

Removed:
  NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64       cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                      ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                  libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                
  nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                           nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                 openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64       samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64      
  setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                       tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64       unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64       unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64         
  zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                             

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupremove 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                    Repository                             Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                              @AppStream                            530 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                 @baseOS                               267 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                 @AppStream                            5.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                              @AppStream                             24 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                               @baseOS                               679 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                          @AppStream                            2.7 M
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                               @baseOS                                35 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                            @baseOS                               1.2 M
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                @baseOS                               7.9 M
Removing unused dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                              @AppStream                            441 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                           @AppStream                            1.3 M
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                             57 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                            1.4 M
Removing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  13 Packages

Freed space: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
Removed '/etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/unbound-anchor.timer'.

  Erasing          : unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Erasing          : NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           4/13 
  Erasing          : unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  5/13 
  Erasing          : nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                                                                                                                                   6/13 
  Erasing          : zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Running scriptlet: zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Erasing          : tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Running scriptlet: tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Erasing          : setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       9/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                               11/13 
  Erasing          : nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                          12/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Erasing          : cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
Installed products updated.

Removed:
  NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64       cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                      ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                  libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                
  nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                           nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                 openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64       samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64      
  setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                       tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64       unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64       unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64         
  zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                             

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf group install 'system tools'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 1:04:13 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                     Repository                            Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                               AppStream                            171 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                  baseOS                               122 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                  AppStream                            1.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                               AppStream                            5.6 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                                baseOS                               184 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                           AppStream                            774 k
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                                baseOS                                29 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                             baseOS                               521 k
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                 baseOS                               3.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                               AppStream                            177 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                            AppStream                            453 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                            547 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                              AppStream                             34 k
Installing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  13 Packages

Total size: 13 M
Installed size: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  1/13 
  Installing       : unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  1/13 
  Installing       : unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                2/13 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                2/13 
Created symlink '/etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/unbound-anchor.timer' → '/usr/lib/systemd/system/unbound-anchor.timer'.

  Installing       : nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                                                                                                                                   3/13 
  Installing       : ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           4/13 
  Installing       : libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         5/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         5/13 
  Installing       : NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                       6/13 
  Installing       : samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                               7/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                               7/13 
  Installing       : nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           8/13 
  Installing       : zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              9/13 
  Running scriptlet: zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              9/13 
  Installing       : tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                        10/13 
  Running scriptlet: tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                        10/13 
  Installing       : setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                      11/13 
  Installing       : openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                               12/13 
  Installing       : cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
Installed products updated.

Installed:
  NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64       cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                      ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                  libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                
  nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                           nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                 openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64       samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64      
  setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                       tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64       unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64       unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64         
  zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                             

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf group remove 'system tools' 
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture                      Version                                                    Repository                             Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 NetworkManager-libreswan                            x86_64                            1.2.24-2.el10                                              @AppStream                            530 k
 cifs-utils                                          x86_64                            7.2-1.el10                                                 @baseOS                               267 k
 libreswan                                           x86_64                            5.3-1.el10                                                 @AppStream                            5.5 M
 nmap                                                x86_64                            4:7.92-3.el10                                              @AppStream                             24 M
 openldap-clients                                    x86_64                            2.6.9-1.el10                                               @baseOS                               679 k
 samba-client                                        x86_64                            4.22.4-106.el10_1                                          @AppStream                            2.7 M
 setserial                                           x86_64                            2.17-63.el10                                               @baseOS                                35 k
 tmux                                                x86_64                            3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10                            @baseOS                               1.2 M
 zsh                                                 x86_64                            5.9-15.el10                                                @baseOS                               7.9 M
Removing unused dependencies:
 ldns                                                x86_64                            1.8.3-18.el10                                              @AppStream                            441 k
 nss-tools                                           x86_64                            3.112.0-4.el10_0                                           @AppStream                            1.3 M
 unbound-anchor                                      x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                             57 k
 unbound-libs                                        x86_64                            1.20.0-13.el10                                             @AppStream                            1.4 M
Removing Groups:
 System Tools                                                                                                                                                                                

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  13 Packages

Freed space: 46 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
Removed '/etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/unbound-anchor.timer'.

  Erasing          : unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Running scriptlet: unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/13 
  Erasing          : NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Running scriptlet: libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                         3/13 
  Erasing          : ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                           4/13 
  Erasing          : unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                  5/13 
  Erasing          : nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                                                                                                                                   6/13 
  Erasing          : zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Running scriptlet: zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                              7/13 
  Erasing          : tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Running scriptlet: tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                         8/13 
  Erasing          : setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       9/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Running scriptlet: samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64                                                                                                                              10/13 
  Erasing          : openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                               11/13 
  Erasing          : nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                          12/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Erasing          : cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
  Running scriptlet: cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                                                                                                                                       13/13 
Installed products updated.

Removed:
  NetworkManager-libreswan-1.2.24-2.el10.x86_64       cifs-utils-7.2-1.el10.x86_64                      ldns-1.8.3-18.el10.x86_64                  libreswan-5.3-1.el10.x86_64                
  nmap-4:7.92-3.el10.x86_64                           nss-tools-3.112.0-4.el10_0.x86_64                 openldap-clients-2.6.9-1.el10.x86_64       samba-client-4.22.4-106.el10_1.x86_64      
  setserial-2.17-63.el10.x86_64                       tmux-3.3a-13.20230918gitb202a2f.el10.x86_64       unbound-anchor-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64       unbound-libs-1.20.0-13.el10.x86_64         
  zsh-5.9-15.el10.x86_64                             

Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 

The same result achieved with dnf groupupdate is also achieved with dnf groupinstall in sudo mode:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list 'Scientific Support'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:25:37 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Available Groups:
   Scientific Support
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ sudo dnf groupinstall 'Scientific Support'
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:46:18 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 10:38:37 AM CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                       Architecture                                 Version                                       Repository                                     Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing Groups:
 Scientific Support                                                                                                                                                                          

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
user1@localhost:~$ 
user1@localhost:~$ dnf group list 'Scientific Support'
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 1:26:47 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 09:58:18 AM CEST.
Installed Groups:
   Scientific Support
user1@localhost:~$ 

Check if there are available updates for the installed packages. The second column displays the latest version available in the enabled repos:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf check-updates
No such command: check-updates. Please use /usr/bin/dnf --help
It could be a DNF plugin command, try: "dnf install 'dnf-command(check-updates)'"
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf check-update
Rocky Linux 10 - BaseOS                                                                                                                                        14 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - AppStream                                                                                                                                     15 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - CRB                                                                                                                                           12 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
Rocky Linux 10 - Extras                                                                                                                                        11 kB/s | 3.1 kB     00:00    

brave-browser.x86_64                                                                           1.92.141-1                                                                    brave-browser    
cifs-utils.x86_64                                                                              7.6-2.el10_2                                                                  baseos           
containerd.io.x86_64                                                                           2.2.6-1.el10                                                                  docker-ce-stable 
cups.x86_64                                                                                    1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                            appstream        
cups-client.x86_64                                                                             1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                            appstream        
cups-filesystem.noarch                                                                         1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                            baseos           
cups-ipptool.x86_64                                                                            1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                            appstream        
cups-libs.x86_64                                                                               1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                            baseos           
docker-ce.x86_64                                                                               3:29.6.2-1.el10                                                               docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce-cli.x86_64                                                                           1:29.6.2-1.el10                                                               docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64                                                               29.6.2-1.el10                                                                 docker-ce-stable 
edk2-ovmf.noarch                                                                               20251114-5.el10_2.2                                                           appstream        
firewalld.noarch                                                                               2.4.3-2.el10_2                                                                baseos           
firewalld-filesystem.noarch                                                                    2.4.3-2.el10_2                                                                baseos           
freerdp-libs.x86_64                                                                            2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.6                                                          appstream        
git-lfs.x86_64                                                                                 3.7.1-5.el10_2.6                                                              appstream        
google-chrome-stable.x86_64                                                                    150.0.7871.128-1                                                              google-chrome    
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free.x86_64                                                             1.26.7-2.el10_2.4                                                             appstream        
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-libs.x86_64                                                        1.26.7-2.el10_2.4                                                             appstream        
gstreamer1-plugins-good.x86_64                                                                 1.26.7-2.el10_2.1                                                             appstream        
gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-free.x86_64                                                            1.26.7-2.el10_2.1                                                             appstream        
hplip-common.x86_64                                                                            3.23.12-10.el10_2.5                                                           appstream        
hplip-libs.x86_64                                                                              3.23.12-10.el10_2.5                                                           appstream        
ipp-usb.x86_64                                                                                 0.9.27-7.el10_2.2                                                             appstream        
ipset.x86_64                                                                                   7.22-12.el10_2                                                                baseos           
ipset-libs.x86_64                                                                              7.22-12.el10_2                                                                baseos           
iptables-libs.x86_64                                                                           1.8.11-15.el10_2                                                              baseos           
iptables-nft.x86_64                                                                            1.8.11-15.el10_2                                                              appstream        
kernel.x86_64                                                                                  6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-core.x86_64                                                                             6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-devel.x86_64                                                                            6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        appstream        
kernel-devel-matched.x86_64                                                                    6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        appstream        
kernel-headers.x86_64                                                                          6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        appstream        
kernel-modules.x86_64                                                                          6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-modules-core.x86_64                                                                     6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64                                                                    6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-modules-extra-matched.x86_64                                                            6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-tools.x86_64                                                                            6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
kernel-tools-libs.x86_64                                                                       6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        baseos           
libinput.x86_64                                                                                1.30.1-2.el10_2                                                               appstream        
libsane-hpaio.x86_64                                                                           3.23.12-10.el10_2.5                                                           appstream        
libusb1.x86_64                                                                                 1.0.30-1.el10_2                                                               baseos           
libvirt-client.x86_64                                                                          11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon.x86_64                                                                          11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-common.x86_64                                                                   11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-config-network.x86_64                                                           11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-interface.x86_64                                                         11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-network.x86_64                                                           11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev.x86_64                                                           11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter.x86_64                                                          11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu.x86_64                                                              11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-secret.x86_64                                                            11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage.x86_64                                                           11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-core.x86_64                                                      11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-disk.x86_64                                                      11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-iscsi.x86_64                                                     11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-logical.x86_64                                                   11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-mpath.x86_64                                                     11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-rbd.x86_64                                                       11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-scsi.x86_64                                                      11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-kvm.x86_64                                                                      11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-lock.x86_64                                                                     11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-log.x86_64                                                                      11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-plugin-lockd.x86_64                                                             11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-daemon-proxy.x86_64                                                                    11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-libs.x86_64                                                                            11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvirt-ssh-proxy.x86_64                                                                       11.10.0-12.4.el10_2                                                           appstream        
libvpl.x86_64                                                                                  1:2.17.0-1.el10_2                                                             epel             
libwinpr.x86_64                                                                                2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.6                                                          appstream        
libxml2.x86_64                                                                                 2.12.5-10.el10_2.2                                                            baseos           
man-pages.noarch                                                                               6.06-13.el10_2                                                                baseos           
microcode_ctl.noarch                                                                           4:20260512-1.1.el10_2                                                         baseos           
nodejs.x86_64                                                                                  2:22.23.1-1nodesource                                                         nodesource-nodejs
nodejs-full-i18n.x86_64                                                                        1:22.23.1-2.el10_2                                                            appstream        
nodejs-libs.x86_64                                                                             1:22.23.1-2.el10_2                                                            appstream        
nodejs-npm.x86_64                                                                              1:10.9.8-1.22.23.1.2.el10_2                                                   appstream        
openexr-libs.x86_64                                                                            3.1.10-8.el10_2.3                                                             appstream        
openssl.x86_64                                                                                 1:3.5.5-5.el10_2                                                              baseos           
openssl-devel.x86_64                                                                           1:3.5.5-5.el10_2                                                              appstream        
openssl-fips-provider.x86_64                                                                   1:3.5.5-5.el10_2                                                              baseos           
openssl-libs.x86_64                                                                            1:3.5.5-5.el10_2                                                              baseos           
python-unversioned-command.noarch                                                              3.12.13-2.el10_2.1                                                            appstream        
python3.x86_64                                                                                 3.12.13-2.el10_2.1                                                            baseos           
python3-firewall.noarch                                                                        2.4.3-2.el10_2                                                                baseos           
python3-libs.x86_64                                                                            3.12.13-2.el10_2.1                                                            baseos           
python3-libxml2.x86_64                                                                         2.12.5-10.el10_2.2                                                            baseos           
python3-numpy.x86_64                                                                           1:1.26.4-7.el10_2                                                             appstream        
python3-perf.x86_64                                                                            6.12.0-211.34.1.el10_2                                                        appstream        
qemu-guest-agent.x86_64                                                                        18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-img.x86_64                                                                                18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm.x86_64                                                                                18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-audio-pa.x86_64                                                                       18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-block-blkio.x86_64                                                                    18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-block-rbd.x86_64                                                                      18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-common.x86_64                                                                         18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-core.x86_64                                                                           18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-device-display-virtio-gpu.x86_64                                                      18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-device-display-virtio-gpu-pci.x86_64                                                  18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-device-display-virtio-vga.x86_64                                                      18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-device-usb-host.x86_64                                                                18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-device-usb-redirect.x86_64                                                            18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-docs.x86_64                                                                           18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64                                                                          18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-ui-egl-headless.x86_64                                                                18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-kvm-ui-opengl.x86_64                                                                      18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
qemu-pr-helper.x86_64                                                                          18:10.1.0-16.el10_2.2                                                         appstream        
unbound-anchor.x86_64                                                                          1.24.2-7.el10_2.2                                                             appstream        
unbound-libs.x86_64                                                                            1.24.2-7.el10_2.2                                                             appstream        
vim-common.x86_64                                                                              2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          appstream        
vim-data.noarch                                                                                2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          baseos           
vim-enhanced.x86_64                                                                            2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          appstream        
vim-filesystem.noarch                                                                          2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          baseos           
vim-minimal.x86_64                                                                             2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          baseos           
xorg-x11-server-Xwayland.x86_64                                                                24.1.9-4.el10_2.3                                                             appstream        
xxd.x86_64                                                                                     2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7                                                          appstream        
Wassim@linux:~$ 

Example with one package: ‘cups.x86_64’:

Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list --installed cups
Installed Packages
cups.x86_64                                                                            1:2.4.10-17.el10                                                                             @appstream
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf check-update cups
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:27 ago on Sun 19 Jul 2026 11:45:15 AM CEST.

cups.x86_64                                                                            1:2.4.10-18.el10_2                                                                            appstream
Wassim@linux:~$

Display dnf transaction history:

user1@localhost:~$ dnf history
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
ID     | Command line                                                                                                                            | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    21 | group remove system tools                                                                                                               | 2026-07-19 11:43 | Removed        |   14 EE
    20 | group install system tools                                                                                                              | 2026-07-19 11:42 | Install        |   14 EE
    19 | groupremove system tools                                                                                                                | 2026-07-19 11:41 | Removed        |   14 EE
    18 | group install system tools                                                                                                              | 2026-07-19 11:40 | Install        |   14 EE
    17 | group remove system tools                                                                                                               | 2026-07-19 11:40 | Removed        |   14 EE
    16 | groupinstall system tools                                                                                                               | 2026-07-19 11:40 | Install        |   14 EE
    15 | groupremove system tools                                                                                                                | 2026-07-19 11:34 | Removed        |   14 EE
    14 | groupupdate system tools                                                                                                                | 2026-07-19 11:33 | Install        |   14 EE
    13 | groupinstall Scientific Support                                                                                                         | 2026-07-19 11:24 | Install        |    1   
    12 | groupremove Scientific Support                                                                                                          | 2026-07-19 11:23 | Removed        |    1   
    11 | groupupdate -y Scientific Support                                                                                                       | 2026-07-19 11:20 | Install        |    1   
    10 | groupremove Scientific Support -y                                                                                                       | 2026-07-19 11:19 | Removed        |    1   
     9 | groupupdate Scientific Support                                                                                                          | 2026-07-19 11:18 | Install        |    1   
     8 | groupupdate Container Management                                                                                                        | 2026-07-19 11:15 | Install        |    1   
     7 | remove cifs-utils                                                                                                                       | 2026-07-19 08:49 | Removed        |    1   
     6 | install cifs-utils                                                                                                                      | 2026-07-19 08:48 | Install        |    1   
     5 | remove -y yara                                                                                                                          | 2026-07-19 08:39 | Removed        |    1   
     4 | install yara                                                                                                                            | 2026-07-11 19:57 | Install        |    1   
     3 | localinstall -y /mnt/AppStream/Packages/dcraw-9.28.0-25.el10.x86_64.rpm                                                                 | 2026-05-25 21:39 | Install        |    2   
     2 | install -y ant                                                                                                                          | 2026-05-25 21:29 | Install        |    5   
     1 |                                                                                                                                         | 2026-05-25 19:03 | Install        | 1275 EE
user1@localhost:~$ 

When creating a new repo block in a repo configuration file, the ID shall not include empty spaces:

                                                 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/labII-I.repo 
[labII-I BaseOS]
name= lab2-1 BaseOS
url=file:///mnt/cdrom/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[labII-I AppStream]
name= lab2-1 AppStream
url=file:///mnt/cdrom/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist --enabled
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Bad id for repo: labII-I BaseOS, byte =   7
Bad id for repo: labII-I AppStream, byte =   7
repo id                                                                            repo name
rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms                                                  Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs)
rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms                                                     Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Correcting the local repo config file:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/labII-I.repo
[labII-IxBaseOS]
name= lab2-1-BaseOS
url=file:///mnt/cdrom/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[labII-IxAppStream]
name= lab2-1-AppStream
url=file:///mnt/cdrom/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist --enabled
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                            repo name
labII-IxAppStream                                                                  lab2-1-AppStream
labII-IxBaseOS                                                                     lab2-1-BaseOS
rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms                                                  Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs)
rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms                                                     Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$
                                                    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist labII-IxBaseOS 
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                                     repo name                                                                                  status
labII-IxBaseOS                                                                              lab2-1-BaseOS                                                                              enabled
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist labII-IxAppStream 
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                                     repo name                                                                                  status
labII-IxAppStream                                                                           lab2-1-AppStream                                                                           enabled
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Trying to query all enabled repos for their included packages throws an error:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repoquery
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: labII-IxBaseOS
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

The error points to a mistakenly entered baseurl. Old repo config file:

Corrected repo config file:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/labII-I.repo 
[labII-IxBaseOS]
name= lab2-1-BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[labII-IxAppStream]
name= lab2-1-AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Displaying info for the ’labII-IxBaseOS’ repo:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist 
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                            repo name
labII-IxAppStream                                                                  lab2-1-AppStream
labII-IxBaseOS                                                                     lab2-1-BaseOS
rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms                                                  Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs)
rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms                                                     Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repoinfo labII-IxBaseOS
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs)                                                                                                     0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:00    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms':
  - Curl error (6): Could not resolve hostname for https://cdn.redhat.com/content/dist/rhel10/10/x86_64/appstream/os/repodata/repomd.xml [Could not resolve host: cdn.redhat.com]
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Since this is a guest RHEL10 VM and running in a host-only network, DNF is not able to collect metadata for the default Red Hat repos. So, I temporarily mark all repos as disabled except the one I want to display. The disabling action is valid only for the duration of the execution of the command:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='labII-IxBaseOS' repoinfo labII-IxBaseOS
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 2:43:02 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 11:33:10 AM CEST.
Repo-id            : labII-IxBaseOS
Repo-name          : lab2-1-BaseOS
Repo-status        : enabled
Repo-revision      : 1761027164
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:45 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 946
Repo-available-pkgs: 946
Repo-size          : 1.3 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/cdrom/BaseOS
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Fri 24 Jul 2026 11:33:10 AM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/labII-I.repo
Total packages: 946
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf repolist
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                            repo name
labII-IxAppStream                                                                  lab2-1-AppStream
labII-IxBaseOS                                                                     lab2-1-BaseOS
rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms                                                  Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs)
rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms                                                     Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf --disablerepo=rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms,rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms repolist
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
repo id                                                                                         repo name
labII-IxAppStream                                                                               lab2-1-AppStream
labII-IxBaseOS                                                                                  lab2-1-BaseOS
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Temporarily disable selected repos while displaying info on a specific repo:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf --disablerepo=rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms,rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms repoinfo labII-IxAppStream
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 4:21:57 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 11:48:04 AM CEST.
Repo-id            : labII-IxAppStream
Repo-name          : lab2-1-AppStream
Repo-status        : enabled
Repo-revision      : 1761027148
Repo-updated       : Tue 21 Oct 2025 08:12:28 AM CEST
Repo-pkgs          : 4,514
Repo-available-pkgs: 4,514
Repo-size          : 6.5 G
Repo-baseurl       : file:///mnt/cdrom/AppStream
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Fri 24 Jul 2026 11:48:04 AM CEST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/labII-I.repo
Total packages: 4,514
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Temporarily disable selected repos while displaying the installed packages of the enabled repos. The displayed list of installed packages might also include packages that were installed from the temporarily disabled repos:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf --disablerepo=rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms,rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms list --installed
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Installed Packages
NetworkManager.x86_64                                                                1:1.52.0-8.el10_0                                                      @rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms   
NetworkManager-config-server.noarch                                                  1:1.52.0-8.el10_0                                                      @rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms   
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64                                                          1:1.52.0-8.el10_0                                                      @rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms   
NetworkManager-tui.x86_64                                                            1:1.52.0-8.el10_0                                                      @rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms   
PackageKit.x86_64                                                                    1.2.8-8.el10                                                           @rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
PackageKit-glib.x86_64                                                               1.2.8-8.el10                                                           @rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
aardvark-dns.x86_64                                                                  2:1.14.0-1.el10                                                        @rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms

<output truncated>

Temporarily disable selected repos while displaying the available packages of the enabled repos. In the lab, no available packages were seen, which belong to the temporarily disabled repos:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ dnf --disablerepo=rhel-10-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms,rhel-10-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms list --available
Not root, Subscription Management repositories not updated
Last metadata expiration check: 4:36:03 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 11:48:04 AM CEST.
Available Packages
389-ds-base.x86_64                                                                            3.1.3-5.el10_1                                                                 labII-IxAppStream
389-ds-base-libs.x86_64                                                                       3.1.3-5.el10_1                                                                 labII-IxAppStream
389-ds-base-snmp.x86_64                                                                       3.1.3-5.el10_1                                                                 labII-IxAppStream
CUnit.x86_64                                                                                  2.1.3-34.el10                                                                  labII-IxAppStream
HdrHistogram_c.x86_64                                                                         0.11.8-7.el10                                                                  labII-IxAppStream
Judy.x86_64                                                                                   1.0.5-38.el10                                                                  labII-IxAppStream
ModemManager.x86_64                                                                           1.22.0-7.el10                                                                  labII-IxBaseOS   
ModemManager-glib.x86_64                                                                      1.22.0-7.el10                                                                  labII-IxBaseOS   
NetworkManager.x86_64                                                                         1:1.54.0-1.el10                                                                labII-IxBaseOS   
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64                                                                    1:1.54.0-1.el10                                                                labII-IxBaseOS   
<output omitted>

DNF actions are logged in /var/log/dnf.log:

                                                                        2.4.63-13.el10_2.4                                                                            appstream
Wassim@linux:~$ dnf list yara
Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:47 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 04:39:24 PM CEST.
Available Packages
yara.x86_64                                                                               4.5.2-2.el10                                                                               appstream
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ sudo dnf update yara.x86_64
[sudo] password for Wassim: 
Last metadata expiration check: 4:29:37 ago on Fri 24 Jul 2026 12:25:47 PM CEST.
Package yara available, but not installed.
No match for argument: yara.x86_64
Error: No packages marked for upgrade.
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ grep yara /var/log/dnf.log
2026-07-18T18:57:09+0200 DDEBUG Command: dnf update yara 
2026-07-18T18:57:09+0200 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['update', 'yara']
2026-07-18T18:57:10+0200 WARNING Package yara available, but not installed.
2026-07-18T18:57:10+0200 INFO No match for argument: yara
2026-07-24T16:55:24+0200 DDEBUG Command: dnf update yara.x86_64 
2026-07-24T16:55:24+0200 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['update', 'yara.x86_64']
2026-07-24T16:55:24+0200 WARNING Package yara available, but not installed.
2026-07-24T16:55:24+0200 INFO No match for argument: yara.x86_64
Wassim@linux:~$ 
Wassim@linux:~$ tail -n 10 /var/log/dnf.log
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/site-packages/dnf/cli/main.py", line 122, in cli_run
    cli.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/site-packages/dnf/cli/cli.py", line 1137, in run
    return self.command.run()
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/site-packages/dnf/cli/commands/upgrade.py", line 89, in run
    raise dnf.exceptions.Error(_('No packages marked for upgrade.'))
dnf.exceptions.Error: No packages marked for upgrade.
2026-07-24T16:55:24+0200 CRITICAL Error: No packages marked for upgrade.
Wassim@linux:~$ 

Listing what packages provide a given package:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm -q --whatrequires zip
no package requires zip

Listing what packages provide a given package:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm -q --whatprovides zip
zip-3.0-44.el10.x86_64
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 

Uninstall a package that has no dependencies:

user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm -qa zip
zip-3.0-44.el10.x86_64
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm --help | grep uninstall
  -e, --erase=<package>+             erase (uninstall) package
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ 
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm --help | grep verbose
  -v, --verbose                      provide more detailed output
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm -ve zip
error: can't create transaction lock on /usr/lib/sysimage/rpm/.rpm.lock (Permission denied)
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ sudo rpm -ve zip
[sudo] password for user1: 
Preparing packages...
zip-3.0-44.el10.x86_64
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$ rpm -qa zip
user1@rhel10-vm2:~$